Even in the 19th century, fictional narratives in verse, such as LordвЂ…Byron's DonвЂ…Juan (1824), AlexanderвЂ…Pushkin's YevgeniyвЂ…Onegin (1833), and ElizabethвЂ…BarrettвЂ…Browning's AuroraвЂ…Leigh (1856), competed with prose novels. While prose rather than verse became the standard of the modern novel, the ancestors of the modern European novel include verse epics in the RomanceвЂ…language of southern France, especially those by ChrГ©tienвЂ…deвЂ…Troyes (late 12th century), and in MiddleвЂ…English ( GeoffreyвЂ…Chaucer's (c. Novels can, on the other hand, depict the social, political and personal realities of a place and period with clarity and detail not found in works of history. Historians would also invent and compose speeches for didactic purposes. Throughout the earlyвЂ…modernвЂ…period authors of historical narratives would often include inventions rooted in traditional beliefs in order to embellish a passage of text or add credibility to an opinion. However this can be a problematic criterion. The development of the prose novel at this time was encouraged by innovations in printing, and the introduction of cheap paper in the 15th century.ДЇictionality is most commonly cited as distinguishing novels from historiography. The novel in the modernвЂ…era usually makes use of a literaryвЂ…proseвЂ…style.

MadameвЂ…deвЂ…Pompadour spending her afternoon with a book ( FranГ§oisвЂ…Boucher, 1756)ДЄ novel is a long, fictional narrative which describes intimate human experiences. While these comicвЂ…book versions of works of fiction have their origins in the 19th century, they have only become popular more recently. Another non-traditional fiction format can be found in some graphicвЂ…novels. Recent technological developments have led to many novels also being published in non-print media: this includes audioвЂ…books, webвЂ…novels, and ebooks. Literary historian IanвЂ…Watt, in The Rise of the Novel (1957), argued that the modern novel was born in the early 18th century. MiguelвЂ…deвЂ…Cervantes, author of DonвЂ…Quixote (the first part of which was published in 1605), is frequently cited as the first significant European novelist of the modernвЂ…era. Later developments occurred after the inventionвЂ…ofвЂ…theвЂ…printingвЂ…press. An early example from Europe was written in MuslimвЂ…Spain by the Sufi writer IbnвЂ…Tufayl entitled HayyвЂ…ibnвЂ…Yaqdhan. Spread of printed books in China led to the appearance of classicalвЂ…ChineseвЂ…novels by the MingвЂ…dynasty (1368вЂ“1644). MurasakiвЂ…Shikibu's TaleвЂ…ofвЂ…Genji, an early 11th-century Japanese text, has sometimes been described as the world's first novel based on its early use of the experience of intimacy in a narrative form, - there were certainly long fictional prose works that preceded it. 'Romances' are works of fiction whose main emphasis is on marvellous or unusual incidents, and should not be confused with the romanceвЂ…novel, a type of genreвЂ…fiction that focuses on romantic love. Works of fiction that include marvellous or uncommon incidents are also novels, including TheвЂ…LordвЂ…ofвЂ…TheвЂ…Rings, ToвЂ…KillвЂ…aвЂ…Mockingbird, and Frankenstein. Some, including M.вЂ…H.вЂ…Abrams and WalterвЂ…Scott, have argued that a novel is a fiction narrative that displays a realistic depiction of the state of a society, while the romance encompasses any fictitious narrative that emphasizes marvellous or uncommon incidents. The ancient romance form was revived by Romanticism, especially the historicalвЂ…romances of WalterвЂ…Scott and the GothicвЂ…novel. Some novelists, including NathanielвЂ…Hawthorne, HermanвЂ…Melville, AnnвЂ…Radcliffe, JohnвЂ…CowperвЂ…Powys, preferred the term 'romance' to describe their novels.ДЄccording to MargaretвЂ…Doody, the novel has 'a continuous and comprehensive history of about two thousand years', with its origins in the AncientвЂ…Greek and RomanвЂ…novel, in ChivalricвЂ…romance, and in the tradition of the Italian renaissance novella. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the Italian: novella for 'new', 'news', or 'short story of something new', itself from the Latin: novella, a singular noun use of the neuter plural of novellus, diminutive of novus, meaning 'new'. A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, typically written in prose and published as a book.

Devta novel part 52